24.04.3 自带的 为3.12.3 所以不用升级
ubuntu自带的python是系统要用的,千万不要删除,应该安装一个新的,并将它设置为默认的。
编译安装:
sudo apt-get install liblzma-dev
# 下载源码
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.11.9/Python-3.11.9.tgz
tar -xvf Python-3.11.9.tgz
cd Python-3.11.9
# 编译安装
./configure --enable-optimizations --with-lzma
make -j$(nproc)
sudo make altinstall # ⚠️ 用 altinstall 避免覆盖系统 python3
设置默认:
# 把系统的 python3.6 和新编译的 python3.11 都加入 alternatives
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.6 1
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/local/bin/python3.11 2
# 选择默认版本
sudo update-alternatives --config python3
There are 2 choices for the alternative python3 (providing /usr/bin/python3).
Selection Path Priority Status
------------------------------------------------------------
* 0 /usr/local/bin/python3.11 2 auto mode
1 /usr/bin/python3.6 1 manual mode
2 /usr/local/bin/python3.11 2 manual mode
Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 2
查询:
ls -l /usr/bin/python*
ls -l /usr/local/bin/python*验证:
python3 --versionpip 下载超时问题,换个镜像源:
pip install --upgrade pip -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple